The best description of an arahat in Theravada Buddhism is one who has?

• A. Attained final liberation and enlightenment
• B. Attained nirvana while still alive
• C. Achieved enlightenment
• D. Followed the Buddha's teachings faithfully

Answer: (C)

The important idea here is what an arahant represents in Theravada Buddhism: a person who has achieved full enlightenment. An arahant has awakened to the true nature of reality, uprooted greed, hatred, and ignorance, and thereby secured liberation from the cycle of birth and death. This state of awakening is the defining mark of an arahant, making them free from samsara and capable of abiding in wisdom and compassion. While nirvana is the outcome of that awakening, the essential description is the attainment of enlightenment itself. Following the Buddha’s teachings faithfully is important for progress, but it doesn’t by itself define an arahant—the key is the actual realization of awakening.